Psychosomatic Disorder

Psychosomatic disorder is a psychological condition that leads to physical symptoms, often without any medical explanation. It can affect almost any part of the body. People with the disorder tend to seek frequent medical attention, becoming frustrated with no diagnosis. Behavioral therapy and stress reduction may help.

What is a psychosomatic disorder

Psychosomatic disorder is a psychological condition involving the occurrence of physical symptoms, usually lacking a medical explanation. People with this condition may have excessive thoughts, feelings or concerns about the symptoms — which affects their ability to function well.

People with psychosomatic disorder usually don’t report overt symptoms of psychiatric distress. Instead, they believe their problems are caused by medical conditions. They tend to visit healthcare providers frequently to get tests and treatments, often not receiving a diagnosis, which may lead to frustration and distress.

Psychosomatic disorder is sometimes called somatic symptom disorder, somatic symptoms or somatic pain.

Who might have somatic symptoms

 

Anyone can have somatic symptoms at any age. Studies have found that certain things may make people more likely to have somatic symptoms:

  • Chaotic lifestyle.
  • Difficulty recognizing and expressing emotions.
  • Childhood neglect.
  • History of sexual abuse.
  • Other psychological conditions, such as depression or personality disorders.
  • Substance abuse (such as alcoholsm or drug addiction).
  • Unemployment.
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How can psychosomatic disorder affect my body

Psychosomatic disorder can affect almost any part of the body. Common examples include:

  • Fatigue
  • Insomnia
  • Aches and pains, such as muscle pain or back pain.
  • High blood pressure (hypertension).
  • Trouble breathing (dyspnea, or shortness of breath).
  • Indigestion (upset stomach).
  • Headaches and migraines.
  • Erectile dysfunction (impotence).
  • Skin rash (dermatitis).
  • Stomach ulcers (peptic ulcer disease).

Symptoms and Causes

          Scientists aren’t sure. Some believe that stress releases hormones and chemicals in the body that cause damage or dysfunction

  • In addition to the somatic symptom itself (for example, pain or upset stomach), people with psychosomatic disorder often
  • Become angry or irritable because they believe their medical needs aren’t being met.
  • Get depressed or anxious.
  • Visit healthcare providers frequently, often jumping from one physician to another.
  • Experience difficulties functioning at work, school or socially.

How is psychosomatic disorder diagnosed

A healthcare provider can begin to diagnose psychosomatic disorder based on:

  • History of visits to healthcare providers.
  • Physical exam.
  • Series of negative results on tests.

 To be diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder, a person must have:

  • One or more symptoms that are distressing or disruptive to daily life.
  • A history of those symptoms for at least six months.
  • Persistent thoughts, worries or anxiety about the symptoms.

How are psychosomatic pain and other somatic symptoms treated

  Several treatments can help people with somatic pain symptoms, including:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy.
  • Mindfulness-based therapy.
  • Referral to a specialist in mental health (for example, a psychiatrist or psychologist).
  • Regular contact with your primary care provider.

Prevention

  • Be realistic about what you can and can’t control.
  • Exercise regularly.
  • Get enough sleep.
  • Journal to increase awareness of your thoughts and feelings.
  • Limit alcohol and avoid smoking.
  • Maintain a healthy diet and weight.
  • Meditate or practice progressive muscle relaxation.
  • Seek support from loved ones.
  • Set limits to reduce pressure on yourself.